In the context of Australian commercial construction projects, "orthogonal projection" refers to a method of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions. This technique is commonly used in architectural and engineering drawings to convey the dimensions and layout of a structure accurately.

Key Aspects of Orthogonal Projection:

1. Perpendicular Views: Orthogonal projection involves projecting the features of an object onto a plane using lines that are perpendicular to that plane. This results in views that are true to scale and shape, without any distortion.

2. Types of Views: In construction drawings, orthogonal projections typically include:
   - Plan View: A top-down view of the structure, showing the layout of walls, rooms, and other features.
   - Elevation Views: Side views of the structure, showing the height and external appearance of each side.
   - Section Views: Cross-sectional views that reveal the internal features of the structure at a particular slice.

3. Accuracy and Clarity: Orthogonal projections are crucial for ensuring that all stakeholders, including architects, engineers, and builders, have a clear and accurate understanding of the design. This helps in minimizing errors during construction.

4. Standards and Conventions: In Australia, as in many other countries, construction drawings using orthogonal projection adhere to specific standards and conventions, such as those set by the Australian Standards (AS). These standards ensure consistency and clarity across all construction documents.

5. Use in Documentation: Orthogonal projections are an integral part of construction documentation, including blueprints and technical drawings. They provide essential information for the construction process, such as dimensions, materials, and assembly instructions.

By using orthogonal projection, construction professionals can effectively communicate complex designs and ensure that the final built environment aligns with the intended architectural vision.