In the context of commercial construction in Australia, an arch is a structural element characterized by a curved shape that spans an opening, such as a door or window . It is typically constructed of various materials, including masonry, concrete, or steel, and is designed to provide structural support and stability to a building .
In Australian commercial construction, arches are often used in bridge structures, offering a span of 6m to 21m, and heights to 7.5m . They are also used in other types of commercial buildings, such as offices, retail spaces, and warehouses, where they can provide a unique and aesthetically pleasing design element .
The design and construction of arches in commercial construction in Australia must comply with the Building Code of Australia (BCA) , which provides a uniform set of standards and regulations for building design and construction across the country.
In terms of engineering expertise, the design of arches in commercial construction in Australia requires advanced knowledge and skills, particularly in the case of complex structures such as arch dams . The use of finite element methodology is also becoming more common in the design and analysis of arches in commercial construction .
There are several types of arches used in commercial construction in Australia, including:
Semicircular arch: This is the simplest and most common type of arch, consisting of a half-circle shape. It is strong and stable but requires thick walls to support the weight above it.
Pointed arch: Also known as a Gothic arch, this type of arch is narrower at the top than at the base, creating a pointed shape. It is commonly used in Gothic-style buildings and is more efficient at distributing weight than a semicircular arch, allowing for thinner walls.
Flat arch: Also known as a segmental arch, this type of arch has a flat top and is less curved than a semicircular arch. It is commonly used in modern commercial construction and is suitable for lighter loads.
Three-centered arch: Also known as a Tudor arch, this type of arch has three centers of curvature, creating a more elongated, pointed shape. It is commonly used in Tudor-style buildings and is suitable for both decorative and structural purposes.
Horseshoe arch: This type of arch has a curved top and a pointed base, creating a shape that resembles a horseshoe. It is commonly used in Islamic architecture and is suitable for both decorative and structural purposes.
In commercial construction in Australia, arches are often used to create a sense of grandeur and elegance in buildings, such as shopping centers, hotels, and office buildings. They can also be used to create large, open spaces, such as atriums and foyers, and to provide natural light and ventilation. Additionally, arches can be used to distribute weight and reduce the need for thick walls, making them a practical choice for structural purposes.
