In Australian commercial construction projects, a gate valve is a type of valve used to control the flow of liquids through a pipeline. It operates by lifting a gate or wedge out of the path of the fluid. Gate valves are typically used when a straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restriction is desired. They are not suitable for throttling purposes, as they are designed to be fully open or fully closed.

In the context of Australian commercial construction projects, Government Acts refer to the laws and regulations enacted by the federal, state, and territory governments to govern and regulate building work, construction activities, and related fields. These Acts outline the minimum requirements for the design and construction of new buildings, emphasizing health, safety, amenity, and sustainability .

In the context of Australian commercial construction projects, "grading" typically refers to the process of leveling or preparing a construction site to ensure it meets specific design and engineering requirements. This process is crucial for establishing a stable foundation for buildings and infrastructure.

In Australian commercial construction projects, the term "grain" is commonly used to refer to the direction of the wood fibers or growth rings in timber materials. It is an essential concept to understand when working with timber, as it affects the strength, appearance, and workability of the wood.

In the context of Australian commercial construction projects, the term "Ground Line" typically refers to the level at which the ground meets the structure or the natural surface level of the site.

In Australian commercial construction projects, "grout" refers to a fluid mixture used to fill gaps, seal joints, and reinforce structures. It typically consists of water, cement, sand, and sometimes fine gravel or additives to enhance its properties.

Growth Rings are a term used in the Australian construction industry to describe the annual growth patterns visible in timber. These rings are formed as a result of the changes in the tree's growth rate due to seasonal variations in temperature and rainfall. In the construction industry, Growth Rings are an essential factor to consider when selecting and using timber for various applications.

In Australian commercial construction projects, a "gutter" refers to a channel or trough installed along the edge of a roof to collect and direct rainwater away from the building. Gutters are an essential component of a building's drainage system, helping to prevent water damage to the structure, foundation, and surrounding areas. They are typically made from materials such as metal (e.g., aluminum, steel, or zinc), PVC, or other durable materials that can withstand the elements. Proper installation and maintenance of gutters are crucial to ensure effective water management and to protect the integrity of the building.

In Australian commercial construction projects, "Gyprock" refers to a brand of plasterboard or drywall that is commonly used for interior walls and ceilings. Gyprock is a product of CSR Limited, an Australian company, and has become a generic term in the region for plasterboard, much like "Sheetrock" in the United States.

A half-lapped joint is a type of joint used in Australian commercial construction projects to connect two pieces of timber or other materials together. It involves cutting a notch or 'lap' into the edge of each piece, so that they overlap when joined. This creates a strong and durable connection that can withstand significant loads and stresses.

In Australian commercial construction projects, a handrail is a rail that is designed to be grasped by the hand for support and stability. It is typically installed along staircases, ramps, and other areas where there is a change in elevation, providing safety and assistance to individuals as they move up or down. Handrails are an essential component of building safety and accessibility standards, ensuring compliance with regulations such as the National Construction Code (NCC) and relevant Australian Standards, including AS 1428.1 for design for access and mobility.

Hardboard is a type of engineered wood product that is commonly used in Australian commercial construction projects. It is made from wood fibers that are compressed and bonded together using heat and pressure. Hardboard is known for its durability, versatility, and cost-effectiveness, making it a popular choice for a wide range of applications in the construction industry.

In Australian commercial construction projects, a header refers to a horizontal structural element that spans across the top of an opening, such as a door or window . It is a beam that disperses the structural load to the outside of the opening, providing support and stability to the surrounding structure .

In the context of bricklaying, a header can also refer to a brick laid with its short end to the face of the wall . However, in the context of commercial construction projects, the term "header" is more commonly used to describe the horizontal structural element above an opening.

In the context of Australian commercial construction projects, "heartwood" refers to the dense, inner part of a tree trunk, which is typically older and more durable than the outer layers known as sapwood. Heartwood is formed as the tree ages and the inner cells die, becoming infused with natural chemicals that can make it more resistant to decay, pests, and environmental conditions.

In the context of Australian commercial construction projects, a "hip" refers to a specific type of roof design. A hip roof, or hipped roof, is characterized by having all sides slope downwards towards the walls, usually with a gentle slope. This design typically has no vertical ends, and the "hip" refers to the external angle where two adjacent sloping sides of the roof meet. Hip roofs are known for their stability and durability, making them a popular choice in areas prone to high winds. They also provide better drainage compared to flat roofs, which can be advantageous in regions with significant rainfall.